Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Beowulf Epic Characteristics Of An Epic Hero - 862 Words

Every epic hero acquires certain heroic characteristics. The poem, â€Å"Beowulf, is about the most heroic man of the Anglo-Saxon period. Beowulf is a warrior from Geatland that comes to help Hrothgar, the king of Danes, defeat the monster Grendel who has been killing men in their kingdom. Beowulf defeats the unstoppable beast, Grendel. Then Grendel’s mother comes to try to avenge Grendel’s death, and Beowulf slaughters her in her underwater lair. After 50 peaceful years of ruling the Geats, Beowulf in his old age fights his last battle with a dragon. He defeats the dragon, with help from Wiglaf, but dies as a result. The main character, Beowulf exemplifies many characteristics that an epic hero possesses. Beowulf’s characteristics include†¦show more content†¦He came to Hrothgar to offer his service because Hrothgar provided help to Beowulfs father. It is loyalty and appreciation that leads Beowulf to the Danish kingdom to help out. Hrothgar welcomes Beowulf, saying, Beowulf, youve come to us in friendship, and because of the reception your father found at court (Beowulf 39). Because of Hrothgars intervention, there was peace between the Geats and the Danes, therefore ensuring the loyalty of Beowulfs family. Beowulf’s sense of loyalty is recognized when he speaks to Wealtheow, Hrothgars queen, about his motives for coming to the court. â€Å"I had a fixed purpose when I put to sea. As I sat in the boat with my band of men, I meant to perform to the uttermost what your people wanted or perish in the attempt, in the fiends clutches. And I shall fulfill that purpose, prove myself with a proud deed or meet my death here in the mead-hall† (Beowulf 632-638). Beowulf shows that his loyalty is with the king and the Danes, and he is willing to die in the process of trying to save them. I have heard moreover that the monster scorns in his reckless way to use weapons; therefore, to heighten Hygelacs fame and gladden his heart, I hereby renounce sword and the shelter of the broad shield, the heavy war-board: hand-to-hand is how it will be, a life-and-death fight with the fiend (Beowulf 433-440). Beowulf makes his fight with Grendel more than a simple fight that he can slay himShow MoreRelatedBeowulf : Characteristics Of An Epic Hero978 Words   |  4 Pages2Y English 12 20/11/17 Beowulf: Characteristics of an Epic Hero In Anglo-Saxon literature and culture, to be considered a hero was to also be considered a warrior/ soldier. To be a hero, you had to not only be strong but you also had to be smart, and have plenty of courage. These warriors were willing to face any type of trials and tribulations at any odd. These types of heroic warriors would fight to the death to obtain glory and save their people. The Anglo-Saxon hero needed to possess all ofRead MoreThe Characteristics Of A Hero In The Epic Of Beowulf746 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf Essay A hero in the modern world is hard to define and in some places even harder to find. Stories such as Beowulf are continually told in order to help define what a hero should / could be. Heroes in these stories possess traits such as bravery, great strength, or great cunning. However, while a true hero needs some of these traits they don’t define that person as a hero. What defines someone as a hero is daring to go and do what ordinary men wouldn’t in order to save innocent lives, knowingRead MoreBeowulf : An Epic Hero930 Words   |  4 Pages The story of Beowulf shows its reader many characteristics of why this Anglo-Saxon poem is an epic. First of all, Beowulf is a warrior of epic renown by the time he formally introduces himself in the poem. Next, Beowulf is the warrior that many strive to be in life. In addition, Beowulf finds himself tackling many quests that involve dangerous beasts, or as he might call them, demons. The next quality shown by Beowulf is his bravery and honor. The reader is able to easily identify this characteristicRead MoreComparing Beowulf, The Wanderer, And The 13th Warrior1731 Words   |  7 Pagesalways reappears is What is an epic hero? Or better yet an epic hero in Anglo Saxon culture. I believe there is more to being a hero than just being strong or intelligent. An epic hero in my eyes is oneself who comes to portray the beliefs of the society in which the tale/story is depicted. A few great examples of the Anglo Saxon epic hero are the literary characters in Beowulf, The Wanderer, and The 13th Warrior. These are all outstanding examples of Anglo-Saxon epic heroes because they all cameRead MoreBeowulf : An Epic Hero894 Words   |  4 Pages The character of Beowulf demonstrates several characteristics that make a great epic hero. Throughout his lifetime he displayed several characteristics such as honor, bravery, physical superiority, leadership, and glory. These characteristics all formed how the Anglo-Saxons believed one should live their life. Along with the valorous deeds that Beowulf accomplished he is considered to be a prime example of an epic hero. Beowulf would have even been considered a model human to the Anglo-SaxonsRead MoreBeowulf, The Epic Hero1373 Words   |  6 Pages 2015 Beowulf, The Epic Hero In Anglo Saxon times, Beowulf is considered a well known epic hero. â€Å"Epic heroes are literary characters from ancient mythology and other stories, which were written down in the form of long, narrative epic poems. The hero is the main character, or protagonist of the poem†(Epic Hero: Definition, Characteristics Examples.). The epic hero usually battles for accomplishments to a set of tasks to complete important goals. Beowulf is described as an epic hero becauseRead MoreBeowulf Is a Hero Essay877 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf Essay Every epic hero possesses certain heroic characteristics. The epic poem Beowulf describes the most heroic man of the Anglo-Saxon times. Beowulf is the hero. He shows that he is a great man by always putting other things before his own needs. He is important and needed by his people and is known by many as a strong, courageous and a helpful person. He shows all of the qualities and traits that a true hero possesses. Beowulf, like other epic heroes, possesses the following heroic qualities:Read MoreBeowulf And The Epic Of Gilgamesh1667 Words   |  7 Pagestoday’s society, a hero is viewed as someone who embodies the characteristics of selflessness, courage, honesty, and integrity. The same characteristics were essential to be thought of as a hero 3,000 years ago as well. Two of the most widely known epic poems of their time were Beowulf and The Epic of Gilgamesh. Both Beowulf and Gilgamesh embody traits known exclusively of a hero. The poem of Beowulf and The Epic Gilgamesh both showcase the characteristics required of being an epic, in that they includeRead MoreBeowulf : An Epic Hero978 Words   |  4 Pages Beowulf is a character that exudes the qualities of an epic hero. Throughout this epic, Beowulf is seen as a hero to many and a major threat to the evils he encounters. The values of the Anglo-Saxons, who would have read and admired this poem, included loyalty, bravery, and honor. Beowulf’s character exemplifies all of these qualities to the highest degree. The values and traditions of the original composers of this story cause Beowulf’s character to be the perfect example of an Anglo-SaxonRead MoreBeowulf s Heroic Qualities That Convey His Nobility And Courage887 Words   |  4 Pages Beowulf exemplifies heroic qualities that convey his nobility and courage. The poem named Beowulf has no known author. The author of the poem is known to be a Anglo-Saxon poet. The poem, Beowulf, is an Old English epic poem. The character, Beowulf, is a noble hero who offered to help King Hrothgar by fighting a demon named Grendal. He fought many enemies before and while becoming a king. Beowulf is a loyal and noble hero to the people of Geats and Danes. Epic heroes are defined with specific

Sunday, December 15, 2019

Animal Farm. The Great Purges Free Essays

Emily Mills The Great Purges As previously quoted by George Orwell, â€Å"Political language†¦ is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind†. In many cases, a historical significance used in literature can be very effective and can be used to get an event or message across using symbolism and metaphors. George Orwell’s novel, Animal Farm, incorporates both a children’s read of talking animals taking over a farm and the historical horrors of the 1900’s. We will write a custom essay sample on Animal Farm. The Great Purges or any similar topic only for you Order Now One of the many underlying events that the book includes is the Great Purges. Both metaphorically introduced in Orwell’s satire version, and historically researched, the Great Purges were displayed as â€Å"respectable† murders and ways to gain power and leadership. George Orwell’s Animal Farm demonstrates how the unwillingness to deny those of higher importance or authority condemns the lower classes to bear the oppression of those in command. The murders of innocent victims, or purges, with which Josef Stalin eliminated any potential threats and demanded his political title find expression in Animal Farm when the forced confessions and executions of animals, such as other pigs, sheep, and hens whom Napoleon finds distrustful following the collapse of the windmill. Though thought to have been merely out of fear, the confessions were previously coerced and forced by Stalin. In fact, the fear was instilled in Napoleon who warned the other animals to â€Å"†¦ keep [their] eyes open. For [they had] reason to think that some of Snowball’s secret agents [were] lurking among [them] at this moment! † (Orwell, 82). Those animals who showed even the slightest hesitation in one of his orders or disapproval toward Napoleon, such as the pigs who opposed the cancellation of Sunday Meetings, were executed immediately. Similar to the 1930s, when Stalin staged a number of infamousâ€Å"purges,† trials where Stalin and trusted allies forced government members and citizens to â€Å"confess† their disloyalty to Stalinist actions. Napoleon forced confessions from other animals with the use of the terror installed by his hounds. In most cases, the victims of the purges would admit to assisting in these illegal actions in which they had never engaged in in order to eliminate further torture. Unfortunately, once confessed, the alleged traitors were murdered as â€Å"enemies of the people. † Both the pigs who admitted to forming an alliance with Snow ball and the goose who confessed to â€Å"having secreted six ears of corn during the last year’s harvest and eaten them in the night† (Orwell, 84) where both slaughtered along with three hens and a sheep. Stalin and Napoleon used their purges to terminate any form of disloyalty or mutiny among their people or animals and to instill fear in the eyes of their societies. The Great Purges were a mass of killing streaks lead by Joseph Stalin in the late 1930’s. The purpose behind the purges was so that Stalin had a way of keeping his party loyal to him. Also, he executed anyone with power or thought to have power who opposed or challenged him. Before Stalin, it was Vladimir Lenin who had planted the seed, but Stalin who took the initiative to proceed with the idea. Instead of expelling members of his party, like Lenin had suggested, Stalin took the drastic and unnecessary route of execution. Another huge part of the Great Purges was known as â€Å"the confessions†. Stalin’s policeman, the NKVD, would round up innocent people and accuse them of crimes against society and proclaim them as traitors. Then, through methods of torture, confessions would be signed, and they would be executed. Killing nearly 500,000 people and sending many more to concentration camps, Stalin left a huge and unforgettable bloodstain on Soviet Russia’s history. This historical event connects to George Orwell’s story Animal Farm in several ways. The actual event of the Great Purges is shown in chapter seven when Napoleon has all of the animals executed for helping out Snowball. This is exactly what Joseph Stalin did when he executed the men of his party and all of the innocent people for being traitors. Also when all of the animals confess to the crimes that they didn’t commit connects to how during Stalin’s reign, the NKVD tortured people until the confessed to the crimes they didn’t even commit. While reading Animal Farm, it is easy for the reader to find the similarities in characters and events and connect them to the real life events that took place. George Orwell incorporated and captured the horror of the Great Purges in Animal Farm. He truly grasped the main ideas of the evil ways of Stalin, the tremendous loss of lives, and â€Å"the confessions†. The terror of the Great Purges is so hard to comprehend, but through reading Orwell’s satire version it helps society understand, in a more simple way how awful he Great Purges were. In the very few pages that he wrote relating to the Great Purges he really did capture the horrible losses and ghastly events that took place back in the late 1930’s during Stalin’s reign. Works Cited Page 1. â€Å"George Orwell Quotes. † BrainyQuote. Xplore, n. d. Web. 24 Feb. 2013 2. Orwell, George. â€Å"VII. † Animal Farm;. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1954. 82-84. Print. 3. â€Å"Union of Soviet Soci alist Republics: Chapter 3C. Stalin and Stalinism. † Countries of the World. 1991. eLibrary. Web. 24 Feb. 2013. How to cite Animal Farm. The Great Purges, Papers

Saturday, December 7, 2019

Legal Aspects Of Oil and Gas Industry- Free Sample

Question: Demonstrate a good understanding of the substantive rules of international law applicable to the oil and gas industry Evaluate the key principles of contract formation in international commercial transactions and key international law principles and trends in the oil and gas sector Assess the effectiveness of international law in addressing the environmental impact of oil exploration and exploitation Demonstrate a critical understanding of the importance of oil and gas law as a distinct subject, studied in a practical and commercial context. Answer: Introduction As and when oil and gas in the form of natural resources is discovered in a country, the government the government goes through a lot of excitement and at the same time, the oil company which undertakes to deal with the resource, puts in a lot of efforts to understand the legal, technical and commercial aspects that are related to develop this field. The initial challenge is put forth when the negotiation starts. In this essay, we shall thrive to identify the key areas on which the government primarily focuses while the negotiation process goes on. We shall throw light on the basic concepts that should be taken under consideration by the government, the environmental structure that should be kept in mind and the time horizon (Alcantara, 2013). When the nations become aware of the existence of this natural resource, they become very happy. But, as soon as they move towards setting up the industry that uses it as the raw material, it gets exposed to the underlying dangers that are associated with it along with the restraints on reality that range on financial constraints, commercial challenges, political issues and incapability to transform the large resources that are taken from the underground into a liquid asset known as cash (Brooks and Odiorne, 1984). The first round of challenges are seen when the negotiation process starts. In most of the situations, the resource rich nations grab the active participation of the international companies in order to give a profitable turn to their existing resources. But, the moment they start entering into negotiations with the companies, they see that the international market holders possess a much more exposure in this field and enjoy better financial status along with superior degre e of knowledge while they deal with the contracts. The oil companies generally have hatred towards immoderate and theoretical investigations. Considering the large number of dry wells they go through, and the losses they undergo because of the out-of pocket expenditures, they fail to easily recoup the same (Taylor, 2005). Thus, they ultimately rely on the belief that the home government might strive to give them some amount of success by generating help. This help may be either political of financial in various forms. While entering into negotiations, they make adjustments in their procedures while undergoing the negotiations which remain in accordance to the political environment of the country (Crockett, 2003). The attitude adhered to while the negotiation takes place is usually uncompromising, self-protective and feisty. Issues during Negotiation: The most important issues that arise during any negotiation process are classified into two groups. One of them deals with the conflict zone where the company is situated and the entire process in which the recruitments shall be made is taken in this part itself (Nyden, Vitasek and Frydlinger, 2015). This conflict zone faces the maximum effort. The issues that are in concern generally happen to be either technical or commercial. The second issue deals with those factors that happen based on those instances which get neglected when the negotiation process takes place. The factors are usually characterised under environmental issues, social matters, or economic and political concerns (Tracy, 2013). Dealing with the locals: Let us now probe into the various concerns that take place with the locals of a particular area when a oil contract is negotiated. When an oil company is set up, the owners very soon realise that the land where they intend to set up their company is questioned by the locals and the indigenous communities who were the original owners of the land. They put forward their claims to mitigate their spoils of the loss of the land and demand for job offers and compensations from the company (Wilson, 2004). These demands require special attention in the entire negotiating process and hence, they should be handled and resolved by a proper amount of domestic process and political influence. Speaking generally, oil contracts are large negotiation contracts because all the terms and conditions in the contract are simple inclusions that are concluded in the process of negotiation. The process generally does not have difference from the bidding situations. Gradually, the issues that are discussed t ake up a complex pattern over the time. The final result that is derived is incorporated in the contract through negotiation (Radon, 2012). Cost Related matters: Once the matter with the locals is sorted out, issues related to cost matters start taking place. This is because the market structure is something which changes continuously and so do the improbabilities in the field of research. Often dry holes may be dug up and as such the entire process undergoes massive losses (Zartman and Spector, 2013). Hence, during this time of the process, it becomes very important that the negotiators should try to gather a working knowledge of the entire process and inculcate the methods of effective time and resource management. While this stage in the negotiation process is reached, a stage comes when one should be very patient while just a moment later another situation arises when one needs to rush. Thus, we can say here that time is one of the most essential elements to exercise proper control and get what is wanted. The principal aim is to maximise returns and minimise losses keeping in mind the probable ones that too without hurting the economy of the nation in any way. Thus, the vital requirement here is that the pressure exerted from both the political ends as well as the corporate restructure are equally important to be handled judiciously (Crump, 2011). The Negotiating Team: Further difficulties arise while individuals try to frame the proper negotiating team. It is very important for the negotiators to have a proper strategy while they do the negotiations. Hence getting hold of able negotiators is very important. These negotiators have a basic responsibility to differentiate the factors that are negotiable from those factors which are not negotiable. All this must be done to stretch profits to the maximum level and reduce the ongoing losses. Investors in the oil companies owe allegiance and require that due diligence and legal qualifications should be satisfied by the negotiators while framing the contract. There are certain countries which remain comparatively new in getting hold of this sector. They generally thrive towards earning more and more profits and in this process fail to understand that they basically lack in the technical and financial expertise to attain heights in this field. In order to satisfy this requirement, nations very often requir e to get help from the outside countries in getting proper advice from them so that the pool of issues that generally arise from the negotiation process can be dealt with in greater ease (Jones Gill LLP, 2015). There are also high chances of falling under conflict of interest issues while the same in question. Public-Private conflict: On one side, regulatory power is exercised by the government to promote public interest, at the same time, on the other hand, in order to develop and foster an environment which provides a positive aspect towards foreign investments which promotes the economy of the nation and at the same time gives a step by step rise in the employment sector as well. This provides the further grounds to develop opportunities where research and exploration can be further looked into deeply (Druckman, 2001). At this venture, it is necessary for the private actors to work together in joint association with the public agents. The difference of opinion which arises as discussed under the previous heading becomes easy to manage in countries like Canada or Norway that are advanced in this field as compared to in nations which are comparatively new here (Oil-gas-leases.com, 2015). The time factor: The transaction calculate likewise experiences an imperative that is identified with the variables that are time delicate. These time components are essentially dependant on the cost of oil in the country which thusly relies on upon the political and monetary circumstance of the host nation. The desires that are kept by the host nation are given shape by the transactions when they envision and give every one of the progressions that are predictable and unforeseeable. While surrounding the agreement, the moderators need to solely construct their discourse with respect to the different requirements of time that emerge all the while. The expense administration, the value changes, the residential conditions affecting the value changes, and so on gets to be significant purposes of exchange. The arranging process accordingly obliges that certain solidness conditions ought to be all around examined and joined in the understanding that will have the ability to dispose of contractually the ty pical element changes which continue occurring in the general public and in this manner at long last prompt change in the determinants of the managing components of the oil organizations (Kennedy, Benson and McMillan, 1982). The oil organizations can depend on these conditions for a compass of five to seven years so that the regulations identified with assessment, money and business concessions stay under the control of the organization. The gatherings while going into the agreement ought to additionally keep a fitting look out for the precariousness that lies in the legitimate segment. It is a no doubt understood wonders that the more insecure the lawful system in a nation is, the more requests are made by the organizations. These requests can be settled by having a decent handle over the dealing force. The time concern in general society private clash can be well settles by the arbitrators in an accommodated manner. The principle of law dependability must be surely known by them and the mediators ought to take a dynamic part in comprehension that they can't occupy the enthusiasm of either gathering (Smith, 2009). They ought to identify with the requests of both the financial specialists and additionally the administration and flourish towards making an approach in which the most extreme benefit can be earned by the speculators while the greatest income advantages are earned by the legislature. This harmonization can thus prompt a superior system to continue with the further procedures as talked about in the future. Transparency in Negotiation The moderators while drafting the agreement ought to keep up straightforwardness in the transaction process. It truth be told fortifies the hands of a mediator while he drafts the agreement. The oil organization as being what is indicated has a place with the country considering the way that the characteristic stores are gathered from the area inside. The more straightforward the whole assertion remains, the more open approval is accomplished by it once negotiated (Radon, 2012). The term straightforwardness in this connection basically implies that all matters identified with the terms of the oil contract and the instalments that should be made are communicated in open terms keeping up the mystery of the non disclosable data and competitive innovations. The oil organizations are obliged to secure their instalments in the shareholdings which are comprehensive without bounds negative episodes that may emerge in light of the savagery amongst the general population or common interruption in the general public or even under stable calls for nationalization (powerdriverbasin.org, 2015). Selecting the contractual form: Generally, the contract of an oil agreement can be framed in any one of the following ways as listed below: License Agreement: In these sorts of understandings, the organizations hold the rights to investigate, fare, create or offer the oil that they remove for a predefined period in a predetermined region that is stipulated in the contract. This sort of contract obliges an extraordinary part of the expert specialists and skill turns into an essential. There are sure business drawbacks identified with the matter as the whole structure to a great extent lays on offering (Khong, 1986). Product sharing agreement: This sort of a contract lays on the rule that the responsibility for oil that is extricated is basically laying on the nationals of the nation and is not a property of the private gatherings that are identified with the investigation work. The money related and operational dangers which are connected with the work are in any capacity borne by the oil organization (Radon, 2012). This sort of an agreement puts the legislature under a bigger weight as they get to be obliged to impart the benefits earned to the host private gatherings and in the meantime, they get to be obligated to focus as to balance the benefit making alongside the authorization methodology in the earth keeping pace with the regulations set forth. Joint venture: This emerges when two or more diverse gatherings meet up to seek after a joint undertaking. This is pretty much taking into account the premise of an organization and subsequently requires fitting distribution of assets, successful administration, relieving the monetary dangers related and understanding the obligations that are hidden with it. For the most part Joint ventures happen to be a bad dream for the moderator's as it obliges quite a while to arrange the arrangement (Radon, 2012). Service agreement: This sort of understandings gives particular undertaking or administrations to which representatives are contracted. The foremen get a settled instalment that is to a great extent in light of the revelation of the oil or the cost of the oil. The key principals that look for consideration and choice making force lay on the hands of the legislature (Brown, 1975). Certain key issues: The very important issues that should be kept in mind are given are given as under (Brister, 2013): There should be absolute separation of negotiable issues from the non-negotiable ones; Payment structuring should be rigid in such a way that it does not hamper the economy and neither does it hamper the staff in their remunerations or the oil company in its turnover; Simplicity should be prevalent in the contract while it is being framed to avoid future errors; Health and environmental concerns should be kept in mind. References: Alcantara, C. (2013).Negotiating the deal. Toronto [Ont.]: University of Toronto Press. Brister, A. (2013).Farmout Agreements: The Basics, Negotiations and Motivations - Oil and Gas Law Digest. [online] Oil and Gas Law Digest. Available at: https://www.oilandgaslawdigest.com/primers/farmout-agreements-basics-negotiations-motivations/ [Accessed 6 Jul. 2015]. Brooks, E. and Odiorne, G. (1984).Managing by negotiations. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. Brown, R. (1975).An analysis of alternative Mideastern oil agreements. McLean, VA: Decisions and Designs. Crockett, P. (2003). How to negotiate effectively.BMJ, 326(7385), pp.49Sa-49. Crump, L. (2011). Negotiation Process and Negotiation Context.International Negotiation, 16(2), pp.197-227. Druckman, (2001). Negotiation and Identity: Implications for Negotiation Theory.International Negotiation, 6(2), pp.281-291. Jones Gill LLP, (2015).Negotiation, Review and Drafting of Oil and Gas Agreements - Jones Gill LLP. [online] Available at: https://jonesgill.com/oil-and-gas-agreements/ [Accessed 6 Jul. 2015]. Kennedy, G., Benson, J. and McMillan, J. (1982).Managing negotiations. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall. Khong, C. (1986).The politics of oil in Indonesia. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire]: Cambridge University Press. Nixon, P. (2005).Negotiation. Singapore: Wiley. Nyden, J., Vitasek, K. and Frydlinger, D. (n.d.).Getting to we. Oil-gas-leases.com, (2015).Oil and Gas Lease Negotiation. [online] Available at: https://www.oil-gas-leases.com/oil-gas-lease-negotiation.html [Accessed 6 Jul. 2015]. powerdriverbasin.org. (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.powderriverbasin.org/assets/Uploads/files/Oil--Gas/TipsforNegotiatingOilandGasLeaseandSurfaceUseAgreements1.pdf [Accessed 6 Jul. 2015]. Radon, J. (2012). How To Negotiate An Oil Agreement.Cambodia Review, pp.89-113. Smith, R. (2009).Negotiating environment and science. Washington, DC: Resources for the Future. Taylor, M. (2005).Negotiation. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. Tracy, B. (2013).Negotiation. New York: American Management Association. Wilson, E. (2004).WRPMD 1999. Reston, Va.: American Society of Civil Engineers. Zartman, I. and Spector, B. (2013). Post-Agreement Negotiating within Multilateral Regimes.International Negotiation, 18(3), pp.325-332.